Bulldozers are an indispensable heavy machinery in construction, mining, road construction and other engineering fields. They are known for their diverse functions such as bulldozing, leveling sites and backfilling. The operation of bulldozers requires proficiency in mechanical performance and operating skills, as well as strict compliance with safety regulations.
Les bulldozers sont des engins lourds indispensables dans la construction, l’exploitation minière, la construction routière et d’autres domaines d’ingénierie. Ils sont reconnus pour leurs diverses fonctions, telles que le bulldozerage, le nivellement de chantier et le remblayage. Leur utilisation exige une maîtrise des performances mécaniques et des compétences opérationnelles, ainsi qu’un strict respect des règles de sécurité.
1. Preparation before operation/Préparation avant l’opération
1). Check the vehicle: Before using the bulldozer, you must first check the basic indicators of the vehicle, such as water volume, oil volume, tracks, hydraulic lines, brake system, etc., to ensure that the vehicle can operate normally. Confirm that the operating handle and instrument panel are normal.
2). Check tools: The tools of the bulldozer mainly include buckets, blades, etc. Before operation, you need to check whether these tools are intact and make adequate preparations.
3) Route planning: The bulldozer needs to plan the route when operating to ensure operating efficiency and safety. Before operation, the bulldozer’s operating range, target coordinates and detailed route need to be determined.
2. Bulldozer operating skills/Compétences de conduite de bulldozer
1) Master the digging depth: Digging depth is one of the most important skills in bulldozer operation. The bucket depth of the bulldozer should match the project requirements to avoid being too deep or too shallow.
2) Control the speed: The speed of the bulldozer is another skill that needs to be mastered. When operating, the speed needs to be adjusted according to the terrain and materials. It should not be too fast or too slow. When driving in a straight line, the speed should be kept low and constant to avoid frequent adjustments in direction that will cause the track to snake and wear.
3). Pay attention to turning: When turning, the bulldozer needs to pay attention to the direction and speed to ensure the safety of the operation and the integrity of the road surface. Obey traffic rules and pay attention to priority.
Cornering tips:
• Single-side brake steering: Pull the single-side operating lever to brake, and move forward with the other side track (suitable for sharp turns).
• Differential Steering: Slowly operates the track differential on both sides (suitable for large radius turns).
• High-speed steering is prohibited: to prevent the track from derailing or abnormal stress on the supporting wheels.
4). Control the bucket force: The bulldozer operator needs to manually control the bucket force according to the actual situation to ensure that the bucket can work normally.
• Bulldozing
o Flat push method: The blade is kept horizontal, suitable for leveling the site or doingzing over a short distance.
o Oblique push method: One side of the blade is tilted (angle ≤ 25°) and is used for sideways soil discharge or slope repair.
o Staged propulsion: When dozing over long distances, do it in layers to avoid engine stalling due to blade overload.
• Precision operation
o When fine-tuning the blade height, operate the hydraulic handle in small increments to avoid excessive lifting or lowering.
o When encountering hard soil or rocks, loosen them first and then push them to reduce the impact on the blade and crawler tracks.
5). Master driving skills: It is very important to master basic driving skills, including braking, acceleration, steering, etc., which can improve the stability, safety and work efficiency of the bulldozer.
3. Efficient work skills/Compétences de travail efficaces
1) Reasonable route planning/Planification raisonnable de l’itinéraire
o Pushing soil from high to low places, using gravity to reduce fuel consumption.
o Use a zigzag route to peel off the hard soil in layers.
2) Reduce idle time/ Réduire le temps d’inactivité
o When backing up, lift the blade slightly to avoid scraping the ground and increasing resistance.
3) Collaborative work/Travail collaboratif
o When coordinating with excavators and dump trucks, communicate the operation sequence and signals in advance.
4. Notes/Remarques
1). Comply with safety regulations: When using a bulldozer, you need to comply with relevant safety regulations, such as wearing a helmet, seat belt, etc., and locking the cab door.
2) Prevent accidents: Before operation, the surrounding personnel and objects need to be cleared to avoid accidents. Confirm the bearing capacity of the ground, and steel plates need to be laid on soft foundations.
3) Prevent damage to the road surface: During operation, the bulldozer needs to avoid damaging the road surface and affecting sidewalks and green spaces.
4). Dangerous actions are prohibited: It is strictly forbidden to lift the shovel too high to block the view or unbalance the center of gravity. It is forbidden to use the shovel to hit hard objects or use it as a lifting tool. No one is allowed to stand within a radius of 5 meters, and pay attention to blind spots.
5) Emergency handling: If the engine is abnormal (smoke, abnormal noise), turn off the engine immediately. If the hydraulic pressure fails, activate the emergency descending device.
6). Comply with environmental regulations: When using a bulldozer, you need to comply with relevant environmental regulations, including waste disposal, noise and exhaust emissions.
7) After stopping, pay attention to safe parking: put the blade on the ground, tighten the handbrake, and put wedges under the crawler when parking on a slope. Turn off the power and remove the key to prevent accidental start.
Summarize/Résumer
In short, the operation of a bulldozer requires certain skills and experience, and requires adequate preparation and careful consideration before operation. By mastering the operating skills and precautions, operators can use bulldozers more efficiently and safely.
En résumé, l’utilisation d’un bulldozer requiert certaines compétences et une certaine expérience, ainsi qu’une préparation adéquate et une réflexion approfondie avant l’utilisation. En maîtrisant les techniques et les précautions d’utilisation, les opérateurs peuvent utiliser les bulldozers avec plus d’efficacité et de sécurité.
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Post time: Jun-12-2025