Common faults and repairs of pavers

In highway engineering, asphalt mixture is the main pavement material, and its paving effect mainly depends on the performance of the paver/Machine à paver. Therefore, it is very important to optimize the performance of the paver, control the common faults of the paver, and ensure scientific daily maintenance for the application of the paver.

Dans l’ingénierie routière, le mélange d’asphalte est le principal matériau de chaussée et son effet de pavage dépend principalement des performances du finisseur. Il est donc très important d’optimiser les performances du pavé, de contrôler les défauts courants du pavé et d’assurer un entretien quotidien scientifique pour l’application du pavé.

1. Common faults and repairs of pavers/Défauts courants et réparations des pavés
1) Hydraulic system failure and maintenance/Panne et entretien du système hydraulique
a) Oil leakage and seepage: mainly caused by damage to the oil circuit, especially cracking of the hose is the most common problem. Poor sealing of the steel pipe in the oil circuit or loose joints may also cause oil leakage. For such problems, it is necessary to ensure the cleanliness of the hydraulic oil circuit system, implement strict maintenance measures, replace the leaking faulty parts, and adopt leakage repair technologies such as reinforcement and repair of cracks.
b) Insufficient pressure: The cause is the overflow valve. If it fails, such as a damaged seal, the oil and gas will leak, resulting in insufficient pressure in the cylinder and hydraulic circuit. The damaged overflow valve and seal should be replaced in time, and the air should be exhausted to return the pressure in the hydraulic circuit to normal levels.
c) Oil temperature is too high: If the oil temperature of the hydraulic system is too high, the oil viscosity will decrease, the leakage will increase, the oil film of the lubricated parts will be destroyed, and the wear of the parts will be aggravated; high temperature will also cause the sealing gaskets made of rubber and other materials to age and damage prematurely. When the oil temperature is too high, it is necessary to temporarily stop the machine and check and repair its cooling system:
 Check whether the oil tank level is too low.
 Check whether the hydraulic oil filter and circuit are blocked.
 Is the radiator normal? If a lot of dust adheres to the radiator, it may cause poor heat dissipation and increase the oil temperature. Since the working environment of the paver is dusty, the radiator should be cleaned in time.
 Check whether the hydraulic oil quality is up to standard. If the added oil quality is not up to standard, the system oil temperature will be too high.
d) The oil pump does not deliver oil: This problem is related to the oil level in the oil tank or the coupling of the paver. During maintenance, the oil level in the tank must be maintained at the specified height and the faulty coupling must be replaced in a timely manner.
2) Engine failure and repair/Panne moteur et réparation
As the core power of the paver, engine failure is also relatively common.
e) The electromagnetic coil is damaged, causing the starter motor to fail to work properly.
f) Battery device oxidation and power loss problem.
g) The engine oil has not been changed for a long time, resulting in excessive viscosity and failure to start normally.
h) The gear device of the starter motor is severely worn after long-term operation.
i) To deal with starting difficulties, eliminate the causes of the fault one by one and check and maintain the starting motor, battery, engine oil, etc. in time.
3) Auger failure and repair/Défaillance et réparation de la tarière
If the spiral feeder fails during construction, it will affect the left and right feeding effects of the paver, resulting in the inability to proceed with the road paving operation normally.
Causes of auger failure include:
a) The chain is too long. The chain used for power transmission will continue to be stretched during use. When it exceeds a certain length, the chain will get stuck in the sprocket box. At this time, the chain will be damaged and need to be replaced and lubricated.
b) The planetary reducer is damaged. If the distributor cannot operate, first check whether the chain drive wheel can rotate. If it cannot rotate, further check the condition of the planetary reducer and the use of the gears and gear rings. If the condition is serious and affects continued use, the assembly must be replaced.
c) The bearing of the spiral feeder rotates abnormally. If this problem occurs, the bearing-related parts must be replaced in time and new lubricating oil must be injected before it can continue to be used.
d) Hydraulic pump or hydraulic motor failure. By observing the indication of the hydraulic gauge, determine whether the fault is caused by hydraulic pump damage. Once the indication is low or zero, it can be determined that there is a problem with the hydraulic pump. If there is a problem with the hydraulic motor, it will lead to insufficient power and lower indication. If there is no response on the damaged side, the assembly needs to be replaced.
4) Difficulty in lifting the screed/Difficulté à soulever la chape
Screed lifting failure is also common in asphalt pavement paving construction, mainly manifested as difficulty in lifting, unable to meet the normal paving and compaction construction requirements. The screed is mainly composed of an electro-hydraulic system, a mechanical system, and a heating system, which work together to ensure the normal operation of the screed. To analyze its failure, the main checks are:
a) Check whether the hydraulic filter is clogged. If clogged, clean or replace the filter. During assembly, ensure that the joint surface fits well and there is no air leakage.
b) Test the working pressure of the ironing plate lifting circuit. Check whether the indicated value of the pressure gauge can reach the set value. If the oil pressure is too low, it means that the difficulty in lifting the ironing plate is caused by the low set pressure of the main safety valve. The set pressure of the safety valve can be adjusted to the specified value. If the oil pressure is unstable, it means that there is air in the hydraulic system. Check whether the oil seal of the working pump shaft head is damaged, whether the low-pressure pipeline and pipe joint are damaged and leaking, and the sealing condition of the filter joint surface. Repair and remove the air in the system as appropriate.
c) Remove the safety valve and two pilot relief valves in the screed lifting circuit. Check whether the spring is damaged, whether the sealing surface is well sealed, and whether the damping hole is blocked. If there is any damage, the main safety valve should be replaced and the set pressure of the safety valve should be checked to ensure that it meets the requirements.
d) Disassemble and inspect the lifting control valve of the ironing board. Check whether there are scratches on the sealing surface between the valve core and the valve body, and whether the valve core and the valve body are well sealed. If the sealing surface is defective, it can be repaired or replaced by grinding according to the situation.
e) Disassemble and inspect the working pump. If the working pump makes loud noise or abnormal sound when working, and the higher the engine speed, the louder the noise, the higher the working pump should be disassembled and inspected. If it is out of tolerance or damaged, it should be repaired or replaced.
f) Disassemble and inspect the hydraulic cylinder. Disassemble and inspect the lifting cylinder, check the wear of the piston and sealing ring, replace the sealing parts, and check whether the piston rod and cylinder have any scratches, bends, deformations, etc., and repair or replace them if necessary.
2. Summary

It is inevitable that failures will occur during the operation of the paver. In order to better meet the construction requirements, it is necessary to understand the causes of various failures and then take targeted measures to deal with and solve them.

Il est inévitable que des pannes surviennent pendant le fonctionnement du finisseur. Afin de mieux répondre aux exigences de construction, il est nécessaire de comprendre les causes des différentes défaillances et de prendre ensuite des mesures ciblées pour les traiter et les résoudre.

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