In the field of road construction, asphalt pavers are the “last process gatekeepers of pavement formation”, and the status of their core components directly determines key indicators such as road flatness and density. This article will systematically analyze the “heart components” of modern asphalt pavers – from the power transmission system to the intelligent control unit. Through scientific maintenance plans, the equipment attendance rate can be significantly improved by more than 30%, creating considerable economic benefits for construction units.
I. Core components of the host system
1. Power transmission system
Diesel engine: arranged horizontally in the middle of the fuselage, with a power of 140-182kW, and driven by a double hydraulic pump through a transfer case.
Hydraulic system: including travel drive pump, feed pump, vibrator pump, etc., independently controlling each actuator (such as crawler motor, spiral feed motor).
2. Travel drive system
Crawler device: including drive wheels, supporting wheels, rubber crawler shoes and hydraulic tensioning mechanism, with small ground contact pressure and strong traction. The left and right crawlers are driven independently, and the straight-line walking accuracy is controlled by a microcomputer.
Steering mechanism : The tire-type model steers continuously, and the crawler type achieves turning through unilateral braking .
3. Feeding system
Hopper : The front capacity is 7.4-15.5m³, the wing plate is hydraulically opened and closed, and the scraper conveyor delivers the mixed material to the tail after unloading .
Material delivery linkage : The scraper conveyor (chain drive) and the spiral distributor (left and right rotation bidirectional feeding) act synchronously, and the ultrasonic material level sensor controls the feeding amount in real time .
II. Paving working device
1. Screeding device
Structural composition: box + main/auxiliary screed plate + widening section + end baffle, forming a storage chamber, and the edge flatness is controlled by the end plate.
Dual vibration mechanism: The eccentric axis of the pre-vibration beam and the main vibration beam is 180° out of phase, the amplitude is adjustable (0-12mm), and the vibrator is used to initially compact the mixture.
Floating principle: The elevation angle α is constant to maintain the paving thickness, and the hydraulic cylinder adjusts the bottom plate height and arch (maximum 3%).
2. Heating system
Liquid gas heats the bottom surface of the screed plate to prevent low-temperature bonding of the mixture and ensure the density of the paving layer.
III. Intelligent control system
1. Automatic leveling system
The displacement sensor at the traction point is used to detect the ups and downs of the roadbed, and the leveling cylinder is linked to dynamically adjust the height of the screed plate, completing 95% thickness correction within 6 times the distance of the boom.
2. Real-time monitoring technology
Beidou positioning + infrared temperature sensor monitors the paving trajectory, speed (3-6m/min), temperature (＞110℃) and compaction times, and automatically warns when the threshold is exceeded.
IV. Component distribution
| Area | Core components | Functions |
| Front | Push roller + hopper | To receive materials from dump trucks, hydraulically retract and extend wings |
| Middle | Scraper feeder + spiral distributor | To transport mixed materials in both directions, evenly distribute materials to the full width |
| Rear | Screed plate + vibrating mechanism | To pre-compact, level, and shape the camber |
| Both side arms | Lifting cylinder + leveling sensor | To dynamically calibrate the height of the floating screed plate |
Operation points: When the paving thickness is greater than 40mm, enable the auxiliary vibration (amplitude ≥ 6mm). Clean the residual asphalt on the ironing board after daily construction to avoid wear of the base plate.
Technology trends: The Internet of Things system can reduce the failure rate by 42%, and the digital maintenance file can extend the overhaul cycle to 8,000 hours.
I hope this article can help you better understand the core components of modern asphalt pavers? If you need to replace accessories or purchase related products, please contact us!
Click here to visit our web.
Click here to visit our alibaba （There are more kinds of products）.
Post time: Jul-10-2025