A road paver is a construction equipment mainly used for paving various materials on the base and surface layers of highways. It is a key equipment in the construction of highways, municipal roads and other projects. It is mainly used for paving asphalt concrete or cement concrete pavement. Its application directly affects the flatness, density and durability of the road surface.
Un finisseur est un type d’équipement de construction principalement utilisé pour le pavage de divers matériaux sur les couches de base et de surface des autoroutes. Il s’agit d’un équipement essentiel dans la construction d’autoroutes, de routes municipales et d’autres projets. Il est principalement utilisé pour le pavage de chaussées en béton asphalté ou en béton de ciment. Son application affecte directement la douceur, la densité et la durabilité de la surface de la route.
1. Classification of pavers/ Classification des pavés
1) Crawler paver: widely used in the laying of asphalt concrete and cement concrete pavements.
2) Tire paver: used for paving asphalt concrete or cement concrete pavement.
2. Main applications of road pavers/Principales applications des finisseurs routiers
1) Asphalt concrete pavement paving/Revêtement de chaussée en béton bitumineux
Pavers are used for laying asphalt pavements on highways, urban roads, airport runways, etc. They spread the asphalt mixture evenly on the road base to ensure that the mixture is evenly distributed and initially compacted.
The paving thickness is controlled by the automatic leveling system to improve the smoothness of the road surface.
2) Cement concrete pavement construction/Construction de chaussées en béton de ciment
Some pavers are suitable for paving cement concrete, such as municipal road projects, and the screed parameters need to be adjusted to adapt to different mixture characteristics.
3) Gravel paver/Pavé de gravier
A gravel paver is a type of road construction machinery that can evenly spread gravel on the roadbed.
4) Paving of base materials/Pavage des matériaux de base
It can be used for paving base materials such as stabilized soil and graded gravel to provide a solid foundation for the upper road surface.
3. Key points to note when using the paver/Points clés à noter lors de l’utilisation du pavé
1). Paving layer quality control/Contrôle de la qualité de la couche de pavage
**Avoid wavy ply
Initial elevation adjustment: If the elevation is not set properly (too small or too large) when the paver starts, it will cause depression or bulge, which is difficult to repair after rolling. The appropriate elevation should be determined in the test section and fine-tuned according to the temperature (slightly larger when the temperature is high, slightly smaller when the temperature is low).
**Pay attention to the stability of the mixture: Too high asphalt content, too much mineral powder or uneven temperature will cause the bearing capacity of the mixture to decrease and affect the paving thickness. The screed angle needs to be adjusted in real time.
**Prevent road cracking
a) Full-width cracks: Too fast paving speed, unpreheated screed or too low mixture temperature (below 120°C) can easily lead to cracks. The paving speed should be controlled at 2-6m/min and the screed should be preheated.
b) Center/outside cracks: Improper crown of the leading edge of the screed (too little resulting in center cracks, too much resulting in edge cracks) is the main cause. The crown needs to be adjusted and the auger feeder should be ensured to be evenly fed.
2). Operation and maintenance points/Points d’exploitation et de maintenance
**Track and roller inspection
a) The center of gravity of the paver is biased to the rear, and the rear supporting wheels are easy to wear, resulting in unstable walking and affecting the flatness of the road surface. It is necessary to regularly check and replace damaged supporting wheels.
b) The track tension should be consistent to avoid tooth jumping or deviation.
**Hydraulic system maintenance
a) Failure of the locking valve of the lifting hydraulic cylinder will cause the screed to sink, resulting in uneven road surfaces. The locking pressure and the sealing of the hydraulic cylinder need to be checked regularly.
b) Before adding the hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil tank, a clean container should be used to fill the oil. The hydraulic oil must be filtered through an oil filter before adding it into the hydraulic oil tank. The replacement cycle of the hydraulic oil depends on the quality of the oil used (generally, it should be replaced every 1000 hours). The hydraulic oil should be replaced at the operating temperature. In order to ensure good heat dissipation of the hydraulic system, the hydraulic oil radiator should also be cleaned regularly.
c) As the construction environment of asphalt pavers is generally harsh, the replacement cycle of the hydraulic oil filter should also be shortened (generally 750 hours is appropriate). When replacing a new filter element, an inspection should be carried out. It is strictly forbidden to use a deformed, contaminated or rusted filter element.
d) When starting the engine daily, it should be run at idle speed for a while before operating the actuators. This is conducive to the use of the hydraulic pump.
e) Due to long-term use, the hydraulic system parameters of the paver may sometimes change. Therefore, the parameter settings of the hydraulic system should be checked regularly and adjusted in time.
3) Correct use of ironing board/Utilisation correcte de la planche à repasser
a) Preheating is required before paving (at least 20 minutes) to prevent asphalt from sticking to the base plate and forming pits. Diesel can be sprayed on the base plate to reduce sticking.
b) When extending the screed, ensure that the front and rear ends are aligned to avoid affecting the flatness.
4) Automatic leveling device and material level sensor
Dispositif de nivellement automatique et capteur de niveau de matériau
The ultrasonic level sensor should be aligned with the sensitive position of the material distribution trough to ensure smooth material feeding.
The automatic leveler needs to be connected in a power-off state to avoid changes in the horizontal slope.
4. Construction environment and management/Environnement et gestion de la construction
1) Mixture temperature control/Contrôle de la température du mélange
The paving temperature of asphalt mixture should be maintained at 120-150℃. Too low temperature will lead to compaction difficulties, while too high temperature will easily cause asphalt aging.
2) Paving speed matching/Adaptation de la vitesse de pose
The paving speed must match the feeding capacity of the mixing station to avoid stopping for material, otherwise the weight of the screed will cause indentations.
3) Rolling process coordination/Coordination du processus de roulement
The initial compaction should be static (with vibration turned off) to avoid pushing the mixture; when rolling the transverse joints, the roller should be parallel to the joints and gradually transition to the new layer.
5. Development trend of pavers/Tendance de développement des pavés
With the continuous development of electro-hydraulic control technology, the continuous improvement of construction technology and the improvement of market user requirements, pavers may have the following development trends:
(1) Diversification of models/Diversification des modèles
Domestic and foreign paver manufacturers pursue product diversity, that is, they develop products in different width series ranging from 4.5 to 12.5m, with high, medium and low technical levels and high, medium and low prices to meet the requirements of construction units and highway construction at different levels.
(2) Technical and economic hierarchical development/Développement hiérarchique technique et économique
The most important indicators of pavers are density and flatness. At the same time, with the development of electro-hydraulic control technology, the comfort of operation and the convenience and speed of maintenance, pavers are developing in two aspects: technical and economic. Technical pavers have central communication, constant speed control and fault diagnosis functions, digital ultrasonic leveling instruments, centralized lubrication and other functions; economic pavers pursue reliability, practicality, simple operation and low price.
(3) Multi-layer paving and transfer vehicle joint operation/
Opération de pavage multicouche et de joint de véhicule de transfert
With the change of construction technology, multi-machine paving technology will be increasingly used. Preventing segregation of side roads and joints is a problem we should consider. At the same time, in order to prevent temperature and aggregate segregation, transfer vehicles may be used more and more.
6. Summary
With the continuous formation of the highway network and the continuous improvement of construction technology, the development speed of pavers will slow down, people’s requirements for pavers will become more reasonable, and the price of pavers will be relatively stable while the technology is constantly updated. We believe that pavers will eventually develop healthily and stably based on the two-way requirements of technology and market.
Avec la formation continue du réseau routier et l’amélioration continue de la technologie de construction, la vitesse de développement des pavés ralentira, les exigences des gens en matière de pavés deviendront plus raisonnables et, à mesure que la technologie des pavés continue d’être mise à jour, leurs prix seront également relativement stables. Nous pensons que les pavés finiront par se développer de manière saine et constante en fonction des doubles exigences de la technologie et du marché.
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Post time: May-06-2025